Pneumonia is a common yet potentially serious respiratory infection that affects millions of people worldwide each year. With the flu season upon us and a heightened focus on respiratory health, it’s essential to understand what pneumonia is, how it spreads, and how you can protect yourself and your loved ones.

What is Pneumonia?

Pneumonia is an infection that inflames the air sacs (alveoli) in one or both lungs. These air sacs may fill with fluid or pus, leading to symptoms like:

• Coughing (often producing phlegm)

• Fever and chills

• Shortness of breath

• Fatigue

• Chest pain

Pneumonia can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi. The most common type is bacterial pneumonia, often caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. Viral pneumonia, such as that caused by the influenza virus or respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), is also prevalent, especially during winter months.

Who is at Risk?

While anyone can get pneumonia, certain groups are at higher risk, including:

• Older adults (65+ years)

• Infants and young children

• People with chronic medical conditions (e.g., asthma, diabetes, heart disease)

• Smokers

• Individuals with weakened immune systems

Why Pneumonia Prevention is Important

Pneumonia can lead to serious complications, such as respiratory failure, sepsis, or lung abscesses, especially in vulnerable populations. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), pneumonia and influenza combined rank among the top 10 causes of death in the United States.

How Can You Protect Yourself?

1. Get Vaccinated

Vaccination is one of the most effective ways to prevent pneumonia. The CDC recommends the following vaccines:

• Pneumococcal vaccines: Protect against Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria. There are two main types:

• PCV15 (Prevnar 15) or PCV20 (Prevnar 20) for adults aged 65+ and individuals with certain medical conditions.

• PPSV23 (Pneumovax 23) for broader protection in high-risk groups.

• Influenza vaccine: Reduces the risk of viral pneumonia caused by the flu.

• COVID-19 vaccine: Helps prevent severe respiratory illness that could lead to pneumonia.

2. Practice Good Hygiene

• Wash your hands frequently with soap and water for at least 20 seconds.

• Use alcohol-based hand sanitizers when soap is unavailable.

• Avoid touching your face, especially your eyes, nose, and mouth.

3. Adopt a Healthy Lifestyle

• Quit smoking to improve lung health.

• Maintain a nutritious diet to support your immune system.

• Stay physically active and get enough sleep.

4. Seek Medical Attention Early

If you experience symptoms like persistent coughing, difficulty breathing, or a high fever, don’t hesitate to contact your healthcare provider. Early treatment can prevent complications and speed up recovery.

Trending Topics in Pneumonia Prevention

• RSV in Adults: While RSV is often associated with infants, it’s becoming a growing concern for older adults. New RSV vaccines for adults are now available.

• Long COVID and Pneumonia: Studies suggest that individuals recovering from COVID-19 may have a higher risk of secondary bacterial pneumonia.

• Air Quality and Respiratory Health: With wildfires and increasing air pollution, maintaining indoor air quality has become a priority for reducing respiratory infections.

Take Charge of Your Health

Pneumonia is preventable and treatable with the right steps. At Aviva Pharmacy, we’re here to support your health with vaccines, education, and personalized care. Stop by today to discuss which vaccines are right for you or to learn more about protecting yourself against pneumonia.

Stay proactive, stay healthy, and let’s work together to keep our community safe!

Sources:

• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

• World Health Organization (WHO)

• American Lung Association